CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern

Updated CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus for 2025-26 – Get the latest chapter-wise syllabus, marking scheme, and study tips. Download the official PDF at the end!

Overview of CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26

The Class 12 CBSE syllabus for Chemistry plays a crucial role in board exams and competitive exams like JEE, NEET, CUET, etc. This year, CBSE has introduced competency-based questions and a revised weightage system to encourage conceptual learning over rote memorization.

BoardCBSE
Class12
Session2025-26
SubjectChemistry
Content-TypeSyllabus/Curriculum
Official Websitehttps://cbseacademic.nic.in

COURSE STRUCTURE – CLASS XII (THEORY)

Time: 3 Hours
Total Marks: 70

S. No.TitleMarks
1Solutions7
2Electrochemistry9
3Chemical Kinetics7
4d- and f-Block Elements7
5Coordination Compounds7
6Haloalkanes and Haloarenes6
7Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers6
8Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids8
9Amines6
10Biomolecules7
Total70

Unit-wise Syllabus Breakdown

Unit 1: Solutions (7 Marks)

  • Types of solutions
  • Expression of concentration of solutions (solids in liquids)
  • Solubility of gases in liquids & solid solutions
  • Raoult’s law
  • Colligative properties:
  • Relative lowering of vapor pressure
  • Elevation of boiling point
  • Depression of freezing point
  • Osmotic pressure
  • Determination of molecular masses using colligative properties
  • Abnormal molecular mass & Van't Hoff factor

Unit 2: Electrochemistry (9 Marks)

  • Redox reactions
  • EMF of a cell, standard electrode potential
  • Nernst equation & its applications
  • Relation between Gibbs energy change & EMF
  • Conductance in electrolytic solutions:
  • Specific & molar conductivity
  • Variation of conductivity with concentration
  • Kohlrausch's Law
  • Electrolysis & Faraday’s laws (elementary idea)
  • Cells: Dry cell, Galvanic cell, lead accumulator, fuel cells
  • Corrosion

Unit 3: Chemical Kinetics (7 Marks)

  • Rate of reaction (Average & instantaneous)
  • Factors affecting rate: Concentration, temperature, catalyst
  • Order & molecularity of a reaction
  • Rate law & specific rate constant
  • Integrated rate equations & half-life (zero & first order only)
  • Collision theory (qualitative)
  • Activation energy & Arrhenius equation
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Unit 4: d- and f-Block Elements (7 Marks)

Transition Metals (d-Block)

  • General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence
  • Characteristics of transition metals:
    • Metallic character, ionization enthalpy, variable oxidation states
    • Ionic radii, colour, catalytic & magnetic properties
    • Interstitial compounds & alloy formation
  • Important Compounds:
    • Preparation & properties of K₂Cr₂O₇ & KMnO₄

Lanthanides (f-Block)

  • Electronic configuration, oxidation states, chemical reactivity
  • Lanthanide contraction & its consequences

Actinides

  • Electronic configuration, oxidation states
  • Comparison with lanthanides

Unit 5: Coordination Compounds (7 Marks)

  • Introduction: Ligands, coordination number, colour, magnetic properties, shapes
  • IUPAC Nomenclature (mononuclear compounds)
  • Bonding Theories:
    • Werner’s theory
    • Valence Bond Theory (VBT)
    • Crystal Field Theory (CFT)
  • Isomerism: Structural & stereoisomerism
  • Applications:
    • Qualitative analysis
    • Metal extraction
    • Biological systems (e.g., chlorophyll, hemoglobin)

Unit 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (6 Marks)

Haloalkanes

  • Nomenclature, nature of C–X bond
  • Physical & chemical properties
  • Mechanism of substitution reactions (SN₁, SN₂)
  • Optical rotation (chirality)

Haloarenes

  • Nature of C–X bond
  • Substitution reactions (directive influence of halogen)
  • Environmental Impact:
    • Uses & hazards of dichloromethane, chloroform, CCl₄, iodoform, freons, DDT

Unit 7: Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers (6 Marks)

Alcohols

  • Nomenclature, preparation methods
  • Physical & chemical properties (primary alcohols focus)
  • Identification tests (1°, 2°, 3° alcohols)
  • Dehydration mechanism
  • Uses of methanol & ethanol

Phenols

  • Nomenclature, preparation methods
  • Acidic nature, electrophilic substitution reactions (nitration, halogenation)
  • Uses

Ethers

  • Nomenclature, preparation methods
  • Physical & chemical properties
  • Uses

Unit 8: Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (8 Marks)

Aldehydes & Ketones

  • Nomenclature, carbonyl group nature
  • Preparation methods
  • Chemical properties:
    • Nucleophilic addition mechanism
    • Reactivity of α-hydrogen (aldol condensation)
  • Uses

Carboxylic Acids

  • Nomenclature, acidic nature
  • Preparation methods
  • Chemical properties (esterification, reduction)
  • Uses
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Unit 9: Amines (6 Marks)

  • Nomenclature & classification (1°, 2°, 3°)
  • Structure, preparation methods
  • Physical & chemical properties
  • Tests for amines (Hinsberg test, nitrous acid)
  • Diazonium Salts:
    • Preparation, reactions (Sandmeyer, coupling)
    • Synthetic applications (azo dyes)

Unit 10: Biomolecules (7 Marks)

1. Carbohydrates

  • Classification:
    • Aldoses (e.g., glucose) & ketoses (e.g., fructose)
    • Monosaccharides: Glucose & fructose (open chain & cyclic forms)
    • Oligosaccharides: Sucrose, lactose, maltose
    • Polysaccharides: Starch, cellulose, glycogen
  • Biological importance (energy source, structural role)

2. Proteins

  • Amino acids: Basic structure & classification
  • Peptide bond formation & polypeptides
  • Protein structure:
    • Primary, secondary (α-helix, β-sheet), tertiary, quaternary (qualitative)
  • Denaturation & its causes (heat, pH change)
  • Enzymes: Biological catalysts (elementary idea)

3. Hormones

  • Elementary idea (functions only, no structure)

4. Vitamins

  • Classification: Fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) & water-soluble (B-complex, C)
  • Functions & deficiency disorders

5. Nucleic Acids

  • DNA & RNA: Structure & functions (brief)

Prescribed Books

  1. Chemistry Part – I, Class-XII – NCERT
  2. Chemistry Part – II, Class-XII – NCERT
  3. Manual of Microscale Chemistry Laboratory Kit

Question Paper Design (Class XII)

  • No chapter-wise weightage, but all chapters must be covered.
  • Internal choices: 33% in all sections.
  • No overall choice in the paper.

Marks Distribution by Cognitive Domains

S.NoDomainMarks%
1Remembering & Understanding2840%
2Applying2130%
3Analysing, Evaluating & Creating2130%

Key Focus:

  • Section 1: Recall facts, terms, and basic concepts.
  • Section 2: Apply knowledge to solve problems.
  • Section 3: Analyze data, evaluate ideas, and propose solutions.

Download CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus 2025-26 PDF

Click the button below to download the official CBSE syllabus PDF for 2025-26.

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📂 Download CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Syllabus PDF


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