CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus 2025-26: Download PDF & Full Exam Pattern

Updated CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus for 2025-26 – Get the latest chapter-wise syllabus, marking scheme, and study tips. Download the official PDF at the end!

Overview of CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus 2025-26

The Class 12 CBSE syllabus for Accountancy plays a crucial role in board exams and competitive exams like JEE, NEET, CUET, etc. This year, CBSE has introduced competency-based questions and a revised weightage system to encourage conceptual learning over rote memorization.

ACCOUNTANCY (CODE 055) - CLASS XII (2025-26)

Theory: 80 Marks | Time: 3 Hours
Practical/Project: 20 Marks

Course Structure

Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms & Companies (60 Marks)

Part B: Financial Statement Analysis (20 Marks)

OR

Part B: Computerized Accounting (20 Marks)

Part C: Practical Work/Project (20 Marks)

Part A: Accounting for Partnership Firms & Companies (60 Marks)

Unit 1: Accounting for Partnership Firms (36 Marks)

1. Fundamentals of Partnership

Key Concepts:

• Essential Features: Mutual agency, unlimited liability, voluntary agreement
• Partnership Deed Contents:
  ✓ Profit-sharing ratio
  ✓ Interest on capital/drawings
  ✓ Partner remuneration clauses
• Partnership Act 1932: Default provisions when deed is silent

Capital Accounts:

2. Profit Distribution

Profit & Loss Appropriation Account Flow:

1. Start with net profit
2. Deduct: Interest on capital, partner salaries
3. Distribute remaining profit as per PSR

Special Cases:

• Past Adjustments: Rectify errors in interest/salary calculations
• Guaranteed Profits: Minimum assured amount to a partner

3. Goodwill Valuation Methods

4. Partnership Reconstitution

A. Change in Profit Ratio

• Sacrificing Ratio = Old Share - New Share
• Journal Entries:
  • Revaluation A/c Dr.
    • To Asset A/c (for increase)
  • Liability A/c Dr.
    • To Revaluation A/c (for decrease)

B. Admission of Partner

1. Goodwill treatment (AS 26) → Adjust via partners' capital
2. Revalue assets/liabilities
3. Capital adjustment formula:
   • New Partner's Capital = (Total Adjusted Capitals × New Ratio)

C. Retirement/Death

• Key Calculations:
  ✓ Gaining ratio = New share - Old share
  ✓ Deceased partner's profit share = Last year's profit × (Days/365) × PSR

5. Dissolution Process

Realisation Account Format:

Important Notes:

1. Assume book value for tangible assets if sale price not given
2. Treat intangible assets as zero value unless specified
3. Clearly show realization expenses paid by partners

Unit 3: Accounting for Companies (24 Marks)

A. Accounting for Share Capital

1. Fundamental Concepts

2. Share Issue Accounting

Key Transactions:

• At Par: Issue price = Face value
  • Bank A/c Dr. [Amount received] To Share Application A/c
• At Premium: Additional amount over face value
  • Securities Premium Reserve A/c (Credit)

Special Cases:

• Forfeiture:
  • Share Capital A/c Dr. [Called-up amount]
  • To Share Forfeiture A/c [Paid-up]
  • To Calls-in-Arrears A/c [Unpaid]
• ESOP/Sweat Equity: Shares issued to employees at discount

3. Balance Sheet Presentation

As per Schedule III:

• Equity Share Capital (Authorized/Issued/Subscribed)
• Reserves & Surplus (Securities Premium, P&L)

B. Accounting for Debentures

1. Key Features

2. Accounting Treatment

Issue Scenarios:

Interest Calculation:

Annual Interest = Face Value × Rate%  

(Note: TDS not covered)

3. Redemption Process

• Sources:
  ✓ Profits → DRR creation
  ✓ Fresh issue → Capital inflow

Learning Outcomes Checklist

✔ Differentiate equity vs preference shares
✔ Prepare journal entries for share forfeiture & reissue
✔ Calculate debenture interest and write off discount
✔ Present share capital as per Companies Act 2013

Part B: Financial Statement Analysis

Unit 4: Analysis of Financial Statements (12 Marks)

A. Financial Statements of a Company

Key Features (Schedule III Compliance):

1. Balance Sheet Structure
   • Equity & Liabilities: Shareholders' funds, non-current/current liabilities
   • Assets: Non-current/current assets (with sub-classifications)
2. Statement of Profit & Loss
   • Revenue from operations
   • Other income → Finance costs → Tax expenses

Note: Excludes extraordinary items and discontinued operations

B. Financial Statement Analysis

1. Purpose & Limitations

2. Analysis Tools

Comparative Statements

• Horizontal comparison (YoY changes)
  Common Size Statements
• Vertical analysis (% of base figure)
  Cash Flow Analysis
• Operating/Investing/Financing activities

C. Accounting Ratios

1. Liquidity Ratios

2. Solvency Ratios

3. Activity Ratios

4. Profitability Ratios

Learning Outcomes Checklist

✔ Prepare Schedule III-compliant financial statements
✔ Compute 12+ ratios across 4 categories
✔ Analyze trends using comparative/common-size statements
✔ Interpret ratio results for decision-making

Unit 5: Cash Flow Statement (8 Marks)

Key Concepts

• Purpose & Benefits
  • Tracks cash inflows/outflows
  • Assesses liquidity position
• Classification of Activities

• Preparation (Indirect Method)
  Format:

Cash from Operating Activities:  
Net Profit before Tax  
+ Depreciation  
- Profit on Sale of Assets  
± Working Capital Changes  

Special Adjustments

• Dividend: Previous year's proposed dividend only
• Tax: Include paid amounts, exclude provisions
• Bank Overdraft: Treated as short-term borrowing

Question Paper Design (2025-26)

Theory Exam (80 Marks | 3 Hours)

Project Work (20 Marks)

• Components:
  ✓ Practical file (12 marks)
  ✓ Viva voce (8 marks)

Download CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus 2025-26 PDF

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